關於人文地理方面的外文翻譯

Ⅰ 大學畢業論文的外文翻譯在哪裡找

以下是些英語論文,你可以參考下:)~~ 英語(科技/經貿英語)畢業論文 http://222.200.99.123:5353/03-yilx/ 英語論文類文章1001篇,裡面有很多的:)~ http://www.51papers.com/lw/list3-8.htm 英文的畢業論文 http://www.happycampus.com.cn/pages/2004/04/19/D132307.html 或:) http://www.63263.com/ecation/reference/papers/ 英語畢業論文[1829] 畢業論文的引文[208] 畢業論文選題和觀點方面的…[139] 畢業論文的評價[83] http://www.chinaetr.com/Article_Show.asp?ArticleID=1398 教育論文網：）很多的 http://www.51papers.com/lw/list3-1.htm 英語論文：） http://www.51papers.com/lw/list3-1.htm UMI外文博碩論文庫 Springer外文期刊 EBSCO外文期刊 OCLC NetLibrary圖書 SPE和SPWLA全文資料下載 萬方外文傳遞系統 西文期刊目次資料庫（CCC） 兩種外刊在線 美國石油工程師學會(SPE)會議論文 cnpLINKer（中圖鏈接服務） Socolar(教圖鏈接服務） 以上網站也可以找到,只是收費的.

Ⅱ 關於大學生就業方面的外文翻譯

關於高校畢業生，十八屆三中全會《決定 》提出：促進以高校畢業生為重點的青年就業和農村轉移勞動力、城鎮困難人員、退役軍人就業。結合產業升級開發更多適合高校畢業生的就業崗位。政府購買基層公共管理和社會服務崗位更多用於吸納高校畢業生就業。健全鼓勵高校畢業生到基層工作的服務保障機制，提高公務員定向招錄和事業單位優先招聘比例。實行激勵高校畢業生自主創業政策，整合發展國家和省級高校畢業生就業創業基金。實施離校未就業高校畢業生就業促進計劃，把未就業的納入就業見習、技能培訓等就業准備活動之中，對有特殊困難的實行全程就業服務。About the university graates, eighteen of the Third Plenary Session"decision" proposed: to promote college graates to focus on youth employment and the transfer of rural labor force, the urban poor,veterans employment. Combined with the instrial upgrading and develop more jobs for college graates. Used to absorb more college graates employment government purchase of public management and social service work. Encouraging college graates to the grass-roots work service guarantee mechanism, improve the recruitment of civil servants Zhaolu proportional directional preference and institutions. The incentive of college graates self employment policy, integration and development of national and Provincial College Graates EmploymentVenture fund. The implementation of the employment of college graates leave school employment promotion plan, the unemployed into the employment training, skills training, job preparation activities, with special difficult implementation of full employment service.

Ⅲ 人文地理 怎麼翻譯

人文地理 human geography
地理課本最後那一頁有地理專業術語的英文

Ⅳ 2500字以上的人文地理學方面的文獻綜述

人文地理學文獻綜述，上網查的不知對你有沒有幫助。
我國近10年人文地理研究的成果簡介，人文地理學文獻綜述。
眾所周知,新中國成立後,中國的人文地理學經歷了一個曲折的發展過程。改革開放以來,中國人文地理學才得以恢復,並取得了長足的進步,從20世紀90年代起,中國人文地理學進入提高階段。旅遊地理學、城市地理學、人口地理學等分支學科迅速發展。為滿足社會經濟發展的需要,中國人文地理學的研究內容日益豐富。不僅進行基礎理論研究,還加強了應用方面的研究。計量方法的引進,對資訊理論、控制論、系統論的利用,以及耗散結構論、協同論、突變論等的引進與運用,都使中國人文地理學的研究廣度和深度得到加強。經過20多年的努力,中國人文地理學已走上復興、創新之路,正向建立中國特色的人文地理學目標前進,與國際先進水平的差距逐漸縮小。
但是在人文地理學的各個領域,都有值得探索的新問題或尚未解決的舊間題,這是中國人文地理學繼續發展的契機。本文在收集和整理20世紀90年代以來國內主要地理及相關期刊基礎上,對90年代以來我國人文地理學的發展進行回顧。總結我國人文地理學的研究領域和主要研究成果,分析研究趨勢,並借鑒國外的經驗,展望我國人文地理學的發展。
2中國近幾十年人文地理的發展
近些年來,我國人文地理學科研成果呈顯著遞增之勢,1992-1996年段發表的人文地理著作幾乎是1982-1986年段的9倍,而且人文地理類文章在整個地理類文章中所佔的比率也呈連年上漲態勢,1997-1999年該比率已達到30.7%超過了以前任何時期。同時,眾多刊物也發表了大量的人文地理類文章,如《人文地理》自1986年創刊至1999年12月間就發表了共計380 篇人文地理各方面的文章。[1]
2.1近年我國人文地理學的發展特點
2.1.1學科門類逐漸齊全;
人文地理學涵蓋的一系列學科部門發展迅速如:城市地理學、旅遊地理。

Ⅳ 其他國家的風俗習慣人文地理的英文文章有翻譯

印度的飲食
Foods vary widely in India, depending on the culture and region. For example, rice is a staple in the south, while roti (wheat bread) is the staple in the north. Indian meals are usually very spicy. Different types of curry, made with eggs, fish, meat, or vegetables, are popular. Vegetarianism is widely practiced, often for religious reasons. All castes and religions have their own rules and customs governing food. Hins consider cows to be sacred and they, like Sikhs, will not eat beef. Muslims do not eat pork or drink alcohol.
在印度，根據文化和地區，飲食也各具不同。例如，稻米是是印度南部的主要產物，而羅提（一種面團）是印度北部的主要產物。印度人有著喜愛香辣的飲食習慣。由蛋、魚、肉、或者蔬菜做的各種咖喱很受人們歡迎。由於宗教原因，人們都習慣於素食主義。印度的世襲制度和宗教有著它們食物特有的風俗習慣。印度人認為牛是神聖不可侵犯的，印度的錫克教徒就不吃牛肉。穆斯林不吃豬肉或飲酒。

Ⅵ 畢業論文外文翻譯是什麼意思有什麼要求

畢業論文外文翻譯：將外文參考文獻翻譯成中文版本。
翻譯要求：
1、選定外文文獻後先給指導老師看，得到老師的確認通過後方可翻譯。
2、選擇外文翻譯時一定選擇外國作者寫的文章，可從學校中知網或者外文資料庫下載。
3、外文翻譯字數要求3000字以上，從外文文章起始處開始翻譯，不允許從文章中間部分開始翻譯，翻譯必須結束於文章的一個大段落。
參考文獻是在學術研究過程中,對某一著作或論文的整體的參考或借鑒.徵引過的文獻在注釋中已註明,不再出現於文後參考文獻中。外文參考文獻就是指論文是引用的文獻原文是國外的，並非中國的。
原文就是指原作品,原件，即作者所寫作品所用的語言。如莎士比亞的《羅密歐與朱麗葉》原文是英語。
譯文就是翻譯過來的文字，如在中國也可以找到莎士比亞《羅密歐與朱麗葉》的中文版本，這個中文版本就稱為譯文
。
(6)關於人文地理方面的外文翻譯擴展閱讀：
外文翻譯需要注意的問題
1、外文文獻的出處不要翻譯成中文，且寫在中文譯文的右上角（不是放在頁眉處）；會議要求：名稱、地點、年份、卷（期），等 。
2、作者姓名以及作者的工作單位也不用必須翻譯。
3、abstract翻譯成「摘要」，不要翻譯成「文章摘要」等其他詞語。
4、Key words翻譯成「關鍵詞」 。
5、introction 翻譯成「引言」(不是導言)。
6、各節的標號I、II等可以直接使用，不要再翻譯成「第一部分」「第二部分」，等。 
7、注意排版格式，都是單排版，行距1.25，字型大小小4號，等（按照格式要求）。
8、裡面的圖可以拷貝粘貼，但要將圖標、橫縱指標的英文標注翻譯成中文。 
9、裡面的公式、表不可以拷貝粘貼，要自己重新錄入、重新畫表格。

Ⅶ 誰有關於飲食文化方面的外文文獻和中文翻譯

到圖書館電子閱覽室里能找到啊

Ⅷ 畢業論文的外文翻譯在什麼地方找啊

用金山快譯翻譯吧。我們的外文翻譯就用它，還可以吧

Ⅸ 求道路方面的畢業論文的外文翻譯資料！

物流一詞源於英文的」logistics」，原意是軍事後勤保障，在第二方世界大戰以後被廣泛地應用於經濟領域。美國物流管理協會對物流的定義為」物流是為滿足消費者需求而進行的對原材料、中間產品、最終產品及相關信息從起始地到消費地的有效流動與存儲的、實施和控制的過程」。

物流由四個關鍵部分組成：實質流動、實質存儲、信息流動及管理協調。物流的主要功能是創造時間效用和空間效用，主要方式是通過倉儲克服空間距離。

第三方物流是在物流渠道中由中間商提供的服務，中間商以合同的形式在一定期限內提供需的全部或部分物流服務。第三方物流公司是一個為外部客戶管理、控制和提供物流服務作業的公司。

據統計，歐洲目前使用第三方物流服務的比例為76％，美國約為58％，且其需求仍在增長；歐洲24％和美國33％的非第三方物流服務用戶正在積極考慮使用第三方物流服務。第三方物流作為一個提高物資流通速度、節省倉儲費用和資金在途費用的有效手段，已經越來越引起人們的高度重視。

一、使用第三方物流的優越性

使用第三方物流產可以給企業帶來眾多益處，主要表現在：

1、集中主業

生產企業使用第三方物流可以使企業實現資源的優化配置，將有限的人力、財力集中於核心精力，進行重點研究，發展基本技術，開發新產品參與世界競爭，增強企業的核心競爭力。

2、節省費用

專業的第三方物流提供者利用規模生產的專業優勢和成本優勢，通過提供各環節能力的利用率實現費用節省，使企業能從分離費用結構中獲益。生產企業隨著規模的不斷擴大，對營銷服務的任何程度的深入參與，都會引起費用的大幅度增長，只有使用專業服務公司提供的公共服務，才能夠減少額外損失。根據美國田納西大學、英國EXEL公司和美國EMST&YOUNG咨詢公司共同組織的一項調查顯示：很多貨主表示，使用第三方物流使他們的物流成本平均下降了1.18％，貨物周轉期平均從7.1天縮短到3.9天，庫存降低了8.2％。

3、減少庫存

第三方物流服務提供者藉助精心策劃的物流和適時的運送手段，最大限度地減少庫存，改善了企業的現金流量，實現成本優勢。

4、提升企業形象

第三方物流服務提供與顧客是一種戰略夥伴關系，第三方物流提供者利用完備的設施和訓練有素的員工對整個供應鏈實現完全的控制，減少物流的復雜性，通過自己的網路體系幫助顧客改進服務，不僅樹立自己的品牌形象，而且使顧客在競爭中脫穎而出。

二、我國企業在使用第三方物流方面存在的問題

盡管與第三方物流公司合作有很多優勢，但是很多企業並不是將更多的物流業務外包出去，原因歸結為：

1、抵制變化

很多公司不願意通過物流外包的方式來改變現在的精力模式。尤其是一些國有企業，物
流業務外包還將意味著解僱大批員工，這對於國有企業的管理者來說意味著一個非常大的風險。

2、缺乏認識

企業對於第三方物流公司的認識程度普遍還很低，企業沒有認識到供應鏈管理在企業競爭中的巨大作用。

3、害怕失去控制

由於供應鏈的實施在提高公司競爭力方面的重要作用，很多公司寧願有一個小而全的物流部門，也不情願將這些功能交給別人，主要原因是擔心如果失去內部物流能力，會在客戶交往和其他方面過度依賴第三方物流公司。

4、物流業務外包本身有其復雜性

供應鏈物流業務通常和公司其他業務，如財務、營銷或生產集成在一起，物流業務外包本身就具有復雜性。對一些實際業務，包括運輸和倉儲的集成可能會帶來組織上、行政上和實施上的一系列問題。此外，公司內部信息系統的集成性特點，使得把物流業務交給第三方物流公司來運作變得很困難。

5、衡量物流外包的效果受諸多因素的影響

准確地衡量物流成本對信息技術和人力資源的影響比較困難。很難確定物流業務外包到底能夠給企業帶來多少潛在的成本好外。另外，各個公司業務的獨特性和公司供應鏈作業能力，通常被認為是不宜向外部公開的內部信息，很難准確地比較公司間的供應鏈作業能力。

盡管有些生產企業已經意識到利用第三方物流可以給企業帶來很多好外，但是在實際應用時往往分成幾個步驟，同時選擇數個物流服務提供商作為合作夥伴，以避免將業務交由一個物流服務提供商而帶來的依賴性。

三、我國第三方物流企業在發展中遇到的問題

一個成功的物流企業，必須具備較大的運營規模，建立有效地地區覆蓋區域，具有強大的指揮和控制中心，具備高水準的綜合技術、財務資源和經營策略。

我國第三方物流企業在發展中遇到的問題可以歸納如下：

1、運營模式問題

目前世界大型物流公司大都採取總公司與分公司體制，總部採取集權式物流運作，以業務實行垂直管理。建立現代物流企業必須有一個能力很強、指揮靈活的調控中心對整個物流業務進行控制與協調。真正的現代物流必須是一個指揮中心、一個利潤中心，企業的組織、框架、體制等形式都要與一個中心相匹配。我國的物流企業在運營模式上存在問題，國外物流企業的管理模式值得國內物流企業借鑒。

2、倉儲或運輸能力欠缺

物流的主要功能是創造時間盜用和空間效用。就目前中國的第三方物流企業而言，有些公司偏重於倉儲，運輸能力不足；另外一些公司則是運輸車輛很多而在全國沒有多少倉庫，靠租用社會倉庫來完成對客戶的承諾。

3、網路問題

我國有幾家大的物流企業擁有全車性的倉儲網路或貨運網路，但是這個網路的覆蓋區域並不是十全十美的。客戶在選擇物流合作夥伴時，很關注網路的覆蓋區域及網路網點的密度問題。有關網點的建設問題應引起物流企業的重視。

4、信息技術

世界大的物流企業都擁有」一流三網」，即訂單信息流、全球供應鏈資源網路、全球用戶資源網路和計算機信息網路。憑借先進的計算機管理技術，這些物流客戶也是高附加值產品的生產企業，國內物流企業必須在信息系統上增加投入才可以改變自己的市場定位。

集中與整合是第三方物流企業的發展趨勢。原因是：第一，大的公司有意將供應鏈的主要環節外包給盡可能少的幾家物流公司；第二，建立一個高效的全球第三方物流企業所需資本的投入日益增加；第三，許多第三方物流供應商都通過兼並和聯合的方式來擴大其服務能力。

Logistics from the English word "logistics", the original intent of the military logistics support, in the second side after World War II has been widely used in the economic field. Logistics Management Association of the United States is defined as the logistics, "Logistics is to meet the needs of consumers of raw materials, intermediate procts, final procts and related information to the consumer from the beginning to the effective flow and storage, implementation and control of the process of . "

Logistics consists of four key components: the real flow, real storage, and management to coordinate the flow of information. The primary function of logistics is to create time and space effectiveness of the effectiveness of the main ways to overcome the space through the storage distance.

Third-party logistics in the logistics channel services provided by brokers, middlemen in the form of the contract within a certain period of time required to provide logistics services in whole or in part. Is a third-party logistics companies for the external customer management, control and operation of the provision of logistics services company.

According to statistics, currently used in Europe the proportion of third-party logistics services for 76 percent, the United States is about 58%, and the demand is still growing; 24 percent in Europe and the United States 33% of non-third-party logistics service users are actively considering the use of third-party logistics services. As a third-party logistics to improve the speed of material flow, warehousing costs and financial savings in the cost effective means of passers-by, has become increasingly attracted great attention.

First, the advantages of using a third-party logistics

The use of third-party logistics enterprises can yield many benefits, mainly reflected in:

1, focus on core business

Manufacturers can use a third-party logistics companies to achieve optimal distribution of resources, limited human and financial resources to concentrate on their core energy, to focus on the development of basic skills, develop new procts in the world competition, and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises.

2, cost-saving

Professional use of third-party logistics providers, the professional advantages of mass proction and cost advantages, by providing the link capacity utilization to achieve cost savings, so that enterprises can benefit from the separation of the cost structure. Manufacturing enterprises with the expansion of marketing services to participate in any degree of depth, would give rise to a substantial increase in costs, only the use of professional services provided by public services, in order to minimize additional losses. University of Tennessee in accordance with the United States, United Kingdom and the United States EXEL company EMST & YOUNG consulting firm co-organized a survey: a lot of cargo that enable them to use third-party logistics logistics costs declined by an average of 1.18 percent, the average flow of goods from 7.1 days to 3.9 days, stock 8.2% lower.

3, rection of inventory

Third-party logistics service providers with well-planned logistics and timely delivery means, to minimize inventory, improve cash flow of the enterprise to achieve cost advantages.

4, enhance the corporate image

Third-party logistics service providers and customers is a strategic partnership, the use of third-party logistics provider of comprehensive facilities and trained staff on the whole supply chain to achieve complete control, recing the complexity of logistics, through their own networks to help improve customer service, not only to establish their own brand image, but also customers in the competition.

Second, China's enterprises in the use of third-party logistics problems in

While third-party logistics company has many advantages, but not many enterprises will be more outsourcing of the logistics business, the reasons boil down to:

1, resistance to change

Many companies do not want the way through the logistics outsourcing efforts to change the current mode. In particular, some state-owned enterprises, were
Flow will also mean that the dismissal of outsourcing a large number of employees, which the managers of state-owned enterprises would mean a very great risk.

2, lack of awareness

For third-party logistics enterprise's generally low level of awareness, lack of awareness of enterprise supply chain management in the enterprise of the great role in the competition.

3, fear of losing control

As a result of the implementation of supply chain companies in enhancing the competitiveness of the important role that many companies would rather have a small but complete logistics department and they do not prefer these functions will be handed over to others, the main reasons it is worried that if they lose the internal logistics capabilities, customers will be exchanges and over-reliance on other third-party logistics companies.

4, the logistics outsourcing has its own complexity

Supply chain logistics business and companies are usually other services, such as finance, marketing or proction of integrated logistics outsourcing itself with complexity. On a number of practical business, including the integration of transport and storage may lead to organizational, administrative and implementation problems. In addition, the company's internal information system integration features, making the logistics business to a third party logistics companies have become very difficult to operate.

5, to measure the effect of logistics outsourcing by many factors

Accurately measure the cost of information technology, logistics and human resources more difficult. It is difficult to determine the logistics outsourcing companies in the end be able to bring the cost of how many potential good things. In addition, all the uniqueness of the company's business and corporate supply chain operational capability, is usually not considered to be internal to the external public information, it is difficult to accurately compare the inter-company supply chain operational capability.

Although some manufacturers have been aware of the use of third-party logistics companies can bring a lot of good things, but in practical applications are often divided into several steps, at the same time choose a number of logistics service providers as partners in order to avoid the business by a logistics service providers brought about by dependence.

Third, China's third-party logistics companies in the development of the problems encountered

A successful logistics company, the operator must have a larger scale, the establishment of effective regional coverage area, with a strong command and control center with the high standard of integrated technical, financial resources and business strategy.

China's third-party logistics companies in the development of the problems encountered can be summarized as follows:

1, operating model

At present, most of the world's largest logistics companies take the head office and branch system, centralized headquarters-style logistics operation to take to the implementation of vertical business management. The establishment of a modern logistics enterprise must have a strong, flexible command and control center to control the entire logistics operations and coordination. Real must be a modern logistics center, a profit center, business organizations, the framework, the institutional form of every match with a center. China's logistics enterprises in the operating mode of the problems of foreign logistics enterprises in the management model should be from the domestic logistics enterprises.

2, the lack of storage or transport capacity

The primary function of logistics is to create time and space utility theft. For now China's third-party logistics enterprises, some companies focus on storage, lack of transport capacity; other companies is a lot of transport vehicles and warehouses throughout the country little by renting warehouses to complete the community's commitment to customers.

3, network problems

There are a few large companies have the logistics of the entire vehicle cargo storage network or networks, but the network coverage area is not perfect. Customers in the choice of logistics partner, are very concerned about network coverage and network of regional branches of the density problem. The building of the network should be of great importance to logistics enterprises.

4, information technology

The world's largest logistics enterprises have "three-class network", that is, orders for information flow, resources, global supply chain network, the global Resource Network users and computer information network. With the management of advanced computer technology, these customers are also the logistics of the proction of high value-added procts business, the domestic logistics enterprises must increase investment in information systems can change their market position.

Concentration and integration is the third-party logistics trends in the development of enterprises. The reasons are: firstly, the company intends to major aspects of supply chain outsourcing to the lowest possible number of several logistics companies; the second, the establishment of an efficient global third party logistics inputs required for increasing the capital; the third Many third-party logistics providers through mergers and joint approaches to expand its service capabilities.

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